Growth & Physical Performance Research
The growth hormone axis and mitochondrial-metabolism research behind our physical performance line.
How This Works
This category's compounds converge on two axes: growth hormone secretagogue/releasing-hormone signaling (Ipamorelin, Sermorelin, IGF-1 LR3) and mitochondrial/metabolic pathways (L-Carnitine, SLU-PP-332). Ipamorelin and Sermorelin both engage the GH axis but through different receptors (ghrelin receptor vs. GHRH receptor), each studied for a more selective secretagogue profile than older-generation compounds. L-Carnitine and SLU-PP-332 instead target fatty-acid oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis directly.
Compounds Behind This Category
IGF-1 LR3
IGF-1 LR3 is a modified analogue of insulin-like growth factor-1, engineered with a Glu3→Arg substitution and a 13-residue N-terminal extension that markedly reduces binding to IGF-binding proteins and extends bioavailability relative to native IGF-1. It binds and activates the IGF-1 receptor, triggering downstream PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK signaling studied in relation to cellular proliferation, protein synthesis, and anabolic tissue signaling.
ExploreIpamorelin
Ipamorelin is a selective agonist of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR-1a), derived from GHRP-1. The original characterization study found it stimulates pulsatile growth hormone release at potency comparable to other GH secretagogues, but — unlike earlier-generation compounds in its class — without significantly elevating ACTH, cortisol, or prolactin above GHRH-stimulated levels, even at supra-effective doses.
ExploreL-Carnitine
L-Carnitine is required to shuttle long-chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane via the CPT1/carnitine-acylcarnitine-translocase/CPT2 system, the rate-limiting entry point for mitochondrial beta-oxidation. Genetic OCTN2 transporter defects that impair carnitine uptake cause primary carnitine deficiency, underscoring the pathway's centrality to fatty-acid-based cellular energy metabolism.
ExploreSermorelin
Sermorelin corresponds to the biologically active N-terminal 1-29 fragment of human growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH). It binds the pituitary GHRH receptor, activating Gs/adenylate cyclase/cAMP signaling that drives pulsatile growth hormone release, and has historically been used both as a diagnostic probe of pituitary GH reserve and as a chronic-dosing research tool for the GHRH axis.
ExploreSLU-PP-332
SLU-PP-332 is a synthetic pan-agonist of the estrogen-related receptor subfamily (ERR-alpha, ERR-beta, ERR-gamma), most potent at ERR-alpha. Activation of these nuclear receptors induces transcriptional programs governing mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative muscle fiber type, and fatty-acid utilization, and it has been studied as a pharmacological "exercise mimetic" tool for aerobic-metabolism research, including a cardioprotective effect in a mouse heart-failure model.
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