VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)
Native VIP itself has no FDA approval; a synthetic analogue (aviptadil) holds FDA Fast Track/Orphan Drug designation for acute lung injury but is not itself approved in the US.
VIP binds VPAC1 and VPAC2, class B G-protein-coupled receptors that classically activate adenylate cyclase and raise intracellular cAMP. Through this signaling it modulates neural, gastrointestinal, i...
Sequence
Mechanism of Action
VIP binds VPAC1 and VPAC2, class B G-protein-coupled receptors that classically activate adenylate cyclase and raise intracellular cAMP. Through this signaling it modulates neural, gastrointestinal, immune, endocrine, and circadian processes; in pancreatic beta cells, VPAC2 activation triggers cAMP/PKA-mediated closure of ATP-sensitive potassium channels and subsequent insulin secretion, and VIP has also been studied as an endogenous anti-inflammatory neuropeptide that helps maintain immune tolerance.